• First Generation Bioplastics

The first generation of bioplastics started in the early 1990s; the main materials were from PLA and PHA/PHB. However, they had much weaker properties compared with oil-based plastics. Their applications were very limited.

• Second Generation Bioplastics

The second generation of bioplastics started in recent years; BIO-PE from sugarcane and BIO-PET from plant-based materials are the most promising eco-packaging innovations. 

• Third Generation Bioplastics

The third generation of bioplastics would most likely come from non-food sources, such as algae, cellulose, waste products, shrimp shells, and drought-resistant plants. They will probably be available in the next few years if new technology can minimize both the environmental impact and energy consumption of these plastics.

[citation T2.10, T2.15]